Automobile torpedo.



T. H. WHELESS.

AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO.

APPLICATION FILED OUTJZ, 1903.

PATENTED APR. 1906 W5. I mzoooq PATEN'TED APR. 24, 1906. T. H. WHELESS. AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO.

P A PLIOA TION FILED OCT 12 1903 5 SHEBTS SHEET 2.

0 1 wanton I No. 818,987. PATENTED APR. 24, 1906.

,, T. H. WHELESS.

AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO.

APPLIOATI I L .12,

ON I ED OOT 1903 5 SHEETS-SHEB-T 3.

, N m h M 8 Q I a n IE (-lnoudoz V r W. I TH.

PATENTED APR. 24, 1906. T. H. WHELESS.

AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO. APPLICATION FILED 00T.'12. 1903. 5S B 4.

ii \nm w -lnvewtoz TH Wheless,

' witmzoom I V I Gmym i No. 818,987. PATENTED APR. 24, 1906. T. H. WHELESS.

AUTOMOBILE TORPEDO.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 12, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

noQutoz THY/7261668 7" fine/megs I witnesses c g c NITE srA'rE-s PATENT OFFI E? THOMAS HENRY WHELESS, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

' AUTO IVIOBILETTORPED Oa Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 24, 1906.

Application filed October 12, 1903- Berial No. 176.766.

1T0 all whont it concern.- I Be it'known that I, THOMAS HENRY WHE- LESS, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the borough of Manhattanv and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automobile Torpedoes, (Case C and I do here- Yby declare the followin to be a full, .clear,

and exact description the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains t'o make and use the part of the tail being broken away. Fig. 2

' 1s a plan view of the torpedo, part of the tail also being b. oken away. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section though a part of the tail of the torpedo, the sauce being along the line 3 3 of Fig.- 4 and looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3*,is a detail illustrative of part -of the mechanism'for spinning up the gyroscope. Fig. 4 is a plan view, partly in section, of the diving, steeiing, and p elling .mechanism contained in the tail of t e to;-

pedo, the to;-pedosh ell being shown in section. Fig.6 is a detail showingthe arrange- 'ment of levers for operating the immersion- .ders in plan.

rudders. Fig. 5 shows the immersion-rud- Fig. 6 is a'ho izontal section through the two cylinders of the steering-engine. Fi 7 is a cross-section through the two cylin' e; s of the steering-engine along the "line 7 7 of Fig. 6, the valve being shown in contaimng the vp;:

elevation. Fig. 8 shows diagrammatically the connection between the piston-rods of the steering-engine and the steering-rudders,

and Fig} 9 shows two propellers driven by a com ound turbine. v

T e tprp'edo is intended to be operated by compressed air or gas'and consists of three main parts: the head A, with the explosive and fiin device; the'middle part A, containin'gjt e air-flask, and the after part A means for control 'ng the immersion of the torpedof, as also the means for steering the same inLthe horizontal plane. The headA elling mechanism and the a 'is detachable, and for exercise practice a special head can be used, which is provided with .-a caleium-phosphid register pocket a ,s1 n ilar to those used in other types of torpedoes. head A is a nose-tube with screw-fans a, which if used on the war-head will cock the Qn'the nose of the ocket a 'and a depthfiring-pin d n ing the stpartof the running,

plosive, as in the otherwell-known types of automobile torpedoes. The compressed-air rolled steel, with two strong end caps, and

flask ismade of can be charged by the inlet-valve bin the top of the middle part of the torpedo.

The mechanism pertaining to my'present invention is included in thetail portion A of the torpedo and will now; be desc;ibed.-

C represents a flanged hollow cylinder which is secured to the shell of'the tor edo,

which shell is perforated in front of sai cylinder, as shown in Fig. 4, to permit the infiux of water. In this cylinder is mounted a tudinally in the cylinder, while the diaphragm prevents the passage'of water theret ough. The piston-rod C carries a projecting arm 0 and is provided with a tailc passing through a suitable guide 0. (See Flg. 4.) Underneath this arm 0 en ages one end of thelever D, which is pivoted as at d, in a suitable bracket 0 and has its other end connected to the rod D, to which is secured the coil-spring D, the lower end of which sprin is connected to the rod D which is square as at d to pass into the bearing a. in the bracket A. The end of this rod D is screw-threaded internally to receive the screw D ,which is provided with a collar d and a squared head piston 0, fast to the piston-rod C and this mechanism when the torpedo is running near I the surface of the water; otherwise the spring D would have to be so nicely adjusted Jthat .ito

the parts would vibrate too much under the,

shock of discharge or when the torpedostrikes the water. BE h'avmg' a com ensatin spring the s rin is always un er mitia tension. he ever D is fastened to a shaft d, which shaft carries the arm D, which is pivoted at d to the connecting-rod D which is pivotallyconnected to the bellcrank lever D, connected by the rod D to the lever E, which lever is connected by the connecting-rod-E to the tiller. E, fast to the shaft E, to which both of the immersionrudders are secured. (See Figs. 1, 5, and 5.) Thus it will be seen that the piston C is acted upon by two forcesone, the pressure of the water tending to press the cylinder down; the other, the tensionof the s ring D tending to push the piston up. If t 's s ring he set at the desired tension correspon ing to a predetermined depth pressure of the water, the diving-rudders may be kept horizontal at that epth and may be caused by the ressure of the water or of the tension 0 the spring to swing about the shaft E, thus causing the tail of the torpedo to be pressed down or up, as the case may he. .with the corresponding rising or descendlng of the torpedo relative to the surface of the water.

I am aware that somewhat similar'constructions have been used for regulating the .de th of the immersion of automobile torpe oes, in which the op os' forces of the pressure of the water an of t e tension of a siprin controlthe action of the diving ers;

ut I believe that the hereinbefore-described construction is simpler in its construction, more efficient in its action, and

more readily adjusted than others now in use.

-Having thus explained the action of the ap aratus by means of which the divingru ders are controlled, I next proceed to the descri tion. of the mechanism whereby the torpe o is propelled. This mechanism is most clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The air-flask B is provided with an outlet-pipe F, controlled by the reducingvalve F which valve is thrown into operation by the trigger G when the toapedo is launched and is kept open for a pre etermined length of time by means of the clockwork mechanism H, when it is automatically closed by means of the spring G. This clockwork mechanism is onl used in trials of the torpedo where it is deslred to limit its'run, and thus more conveniently recover the torpedo when it floats #130 the surface after it has stopped running but this clockwork mechanism in actual warfare might be omitted and the valve allowed to remain open until the torpedo is run down from the exhaustion of its supply of compressed air. Moreover, this clockwork mechanism not bein a part of my present invention will not e ther described herein. This pipe F opens into two branch pipes F, forming two nozzles F for compressed air,

'the torpedo ahea hollow shaft which nozzles 0 en into the air-passages m in the turbine Ni: which turbine is mounted in the casing K, connected by the casing K to the escape-pipes K, which deliver the air after it passesfrom -the engine to the water inrear of theto edo, and-thus help to push The turbine is mounted on a shaft N, which carries the ropeller N. This shaft is jpurnaled in suitable bearingblocks K K, and its rear end n is hardened to bear against a thrust-bearing screw N, made of hardened steel, or a piece of hardened steel may be inserted in the front end of the propeller-shaft to bear against the hardened screw. This construction diminishes the friction and lessens the wear.

In the modification shown in Fig. 9 two turbine-wheels M and M are used having the vanes running in opposite directions, as is well known in the construction of compound turbines. The assage through the vanes is expanding, as s own, and the air after leaving the second turbine-wheel passes through the pipes K and out astern' of the torpedo, as at k. This pipe K may be of any suitable shape so as, where water-borne, to reduce the resistance of the water, and the end k may be flared out if desired to ive a larger bearing-surface-on the water 0 the escaping air. The forward turbine-wheel M is mounted on a shaft N, generally similar to that already described with reference to Fi 3, and on this shaft N the rear propeller is secured. The forward ropeller N is mounted on a N, which is in the form of a sleeve and slips over the irmer propellershaft. The blades of the propellers N and N have their pitch reversed, so that they may be driven inopposite directions. By hav1n two propellers, one astern of the other an rotating in opposite directions, the tendency of either propeller to slue the tail of the torpedo laterally, due t'c ndifi'erence of ressure of the water corresponding to theepth of the blade, is largely obviated. Thus it will be seen that I provide a compound turbine operated by compressed aiixand drivin two propellers in reverse directions, while t 'e air after passing through the turbine passes out with the water astern of the torpedo, and hence assists in the pro ulsion thereof. In order to keep the inner s aft well' lubricated, the annular s ace between the two propellers may be fil ed with any suitable lubricant, such as graphite and oil. A hole 12. is provided for this purpose.

The construction of the torpedo shown in Fig. 9 is generally similar to that described with reference to the other figures. By having the driving engine or engines in the form of a turbine fast on the propeller-shaft a very high speed of the pro eller is secured and a consequent high spec of the torpedo, and,

moreover, a lighter engine can be used, thus enabling the torpedo to carry more comressed air and more explosive than if a eavier englne were used. Again, by having a turbine-engine instead of the reciprocating engine ordinarily. used in automobile torpedoes less vibration and. smoother running is secured.

While I have described compressed air as motive power for the engine,

torpedo, as through the openings a, which water thus serves to warm up'the said casing, and with it the compressed air operating the turbine. For this purpose I rovide bulkheads A A, and A, which orm a waterchamber for the turbine and the air-pipes leading thereto. The same source of power that drives the turbine also drives the steering-en ine, whose operation will now be describe The steering-rudders O are connected to a common shaft 0, which is bent over the pro- Eeller-shaft in form of a crank 0", connected y the connecting-rod O to the crank O on the-shaft 0 which carries the lever 0, connected ateach end-to one of the piston-rods P of the steering engine. (See Fig. 8.) These piston-rods are connected to the istons P in the .c linders P, which cylin ers are rovided wit passages p and p res ec-- leading to the valve,'and p, lea in tive y, to the atmosphere or exhaust, -(seeFig. '6, and leading to the air-supply.

T e plug-valve Q is mounted in'a casing Q, and the valve and its casing are provide 5 with suitable passages whereby fluidpressure from the ipe F", connected to the pipe. F, will be admitted to either c linder and atthe same time-the other cylin er will be con- Thus these cylin, are operated al--.

osition of the nected to the exhaust. ders, whichare single-acting, ternately according tothe valve'Q. This valve-is carried on a valvestem Q which forms one of the journal-bearings of the outer gimbal-ringR of the g roscope-governor,'which will now be descri ed. The opposite side of this gimbal-ring R is journaled, as at 1, in the arm S of thebracket S, whichbracket is fast to the shell of the torpedo. In this outer ring R of the g roscope is journaled'the inner'ring R, an in this inner ring the fly-wheel R is journaled, as by means of the adjustable screw 1" engaging the endsof the shaft r of the fly-wheel R This shaft r carries a pinion R normall meshing in the spur-gear U, which is spline as atu ,on a shaft U, asshown in detail in- Fig. 3. This gear U is provided with a collar 11;, over which engage the arms t of the nut T, which nut engages. the screw-threads a on the exterior of the shaft U. The gearit will be obvi-. ous'that any other compressed gas may beused: cools, with corre mountwhich flows from'the outside of the up, and

wheel U is adapted to slide on the shaft U,

but is held against turning thereon, as shown in Fin. 3, where 11. shows a 's line on the shaft The nut is also pivotal y connected to the lever T, which lever is pivoted at t to the bracket S and is provided with a socket t to receive the head of one of the pins '1", as shown in Fig. 3, whereby the axis of the flywheel is normally held in a fixed position relative to the axis of .the torpedo.

The shaft U is reduced, as at U to receive the hub u of the box U containing the coilspring V. One end of this s ring is made fast to this box U and the ot er end of the spring is made fast to the sleeve w, which is loosel mounted on the hub '11? of the box U This s eeve w carries the bevel-gear W, which meshes with the bevel-pinion W on the shaft W which is wound up from the exterior by means of a key fitting over the squared head w. (Shown in dotted lines in Flg. 3.) The shaft U is j'ournaled in the arms S and S of the bracket S, and the shaft W is j ournaled in the arm S of said bracket. Pivoted to said arm S is a lever X, which has a catch an engaging in the teeth 'u on the exterior of the spring-box U This catch is normally thrown into engagement with the said teet by means of the rod X and the sprin X which bears against a collar 11: on sai rod X. The rod is continued down to the. positiOn indicated at 00 so that it may be pressed upward from the outside of the torpe releasing the said catch m from the teeth a and allowing the spring V to' unwind. This releasing the catch is automatically done when 0, thus the torpedo is launched. The unwinding of the s ring causes the screw a on the shaft U to withdraw the nut T, thus withdrawing the notch t from engagement with the head 1 of the screw r, and at the same time the spurgear U is withdrawn from engagement with the pinion R and thus the wheel R is spun immediately thereafter the gyroscope is left entirelyfree from disturbing the forces, exce ting the slight friction on the gimbals an the force required to turn the valve. .The axis of the fly-wheel should be as nearly as practicable in the horizontal plane when the torpedo is launched, so as to secure the best directive effects. Thus it will be seen that the spur-gear U may be caused to revolve through a few revolutions,

thereby spinningup the fly-wheel, and isthen withdrawn from engagement with the axis of the fly-Wheel, thus leaving the gyroscope'free to maintain its fixity of direction.

The'number of turns made by the spur-gear- U before it moves away from the pinion R varying the pitch of the might be varied by i As the torpedov swerves screw-threads u.

causing the torpedo to be steered in the opposite direction simple mechanism easily operated from the exterior of the torpedo by means of which the gyroscope is spun up, and. after the gyroscope 1s spun up it controls the steering-enine, having double cylinders with the valve floated between the two, which cylinders alternately control the steerin -rudders, and thus keep the torpedo on su stantially the mean course toward the target.

It will be obvious that various means for causing the torpedo to run at a predetermined direction relative to the true'course may be provided, if desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the United States, is

1. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of an air-flask and connections for su plying fluid-pressure to said engine, a valve or controlling said fluid pressure, a fi wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for contro ling said valve, and means for spinning up said flywheel, comprising a pinion fast on the axis of said fly-wheel, a spur-gear meshing in said pinion, means for automatically moving said spur-gear longitudinally out of engagement with said pinion as its shaft revolves, and spring controlled mechanism for rotating said s ur-gear, substantially as described.

2. 11 an automobile torpedo, provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of an air-flask and connections for supplying fluid-pressure to said engine, a valve for controlling said fluid pressure, a fl wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for contro ling said valve, and 'means for spinnin up said flywheel comprising a pinion on the axis of said fly-wheel, a spur-gear meshing in said inion, means for automatically moving sai spurgear longitudinally out of engagement with ,said pinion as its shaft revolves, and springcontrolled mechanism for rotating said spurgear, with means automatically operated by the launchin of the torpedo for setting in operation sai springecontrolled mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of

an air-flask and connections for supplyingfluid-pressure to said engine, a valve or controlling said fluid pressure, a fl wheel mounted. in gimbal-rings for contro ling said valve, and means for spinning up said flywheel, com risin a pinion on the fly-wheel axis, a sha wit screw-threads thereon, a spur gear splined onsaid shaft and engaging said pinion, a nut held on said shaft and engaging said screw-threads and automatically moving said spur-gear longitudinally out of engagement with said pinion as said shaft revo ves, and s ring-controlled mechanism for rotating sai shaft, substantially as described.

4, In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of an air-flask and connections for su plying fluid-pressure to said engine,'a valve fbr controlling said fluid-pressure, a fl -Wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for control ing said valve, and means for spinning up said fly-wheel comprisin a pinion on the axis of said fly-wheel, a sha with screw-threads thereon, a spurgear splined onsaid shaft and engaging said pinion, a nut held on said shaft and engaging said screw-threads and automatically moving said spur-gear longitudinally out of engagement with said pinion as said shaft revolves, and spring-controlled mechanism for rotating said shaft, with means automatically operated by the launching of the torpedo for setting in operation said spring-controlled mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

5. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of

an air-flask and connections for supplying fluid-pressure to said engine, a valve or controlling said fluid-pressure, a fly-wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for controlling said valve, and means for spinning up said fiy- Wheel, compris' a pinion on the fly-wheel axis, a shaft Wit screw-threads thereon, a spur-gear splined on said shaft and engaging said pinion, a nut held on said shaft and engaging said screw-threads and automatically movlng said spur-gearlongitudinizlly out of engagement with said inion as said shaft revolves, spring-control ed mechanism for rotating said shaft, with means for holding the axis of the fly-wheel in a fixed direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and means automatically operated by the rotation of said shaft for releasing said axis, substantially as described.

6. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of

an air-flask and connections for supplying fluid-pressure to said engine, a valve or controlling said fluid pressure, a fly-wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for controlling said valve, and means for spinning up said fly- IIO Wheel comprising a pinion on the axis of saidmatically moving said spur-gear longitudi- 1 nally out of engagement with said pinion as said shaft revolves, spring-controlled mechanism for rotating said shaft, with means automatically operated by the launching of the torpedo for setting in operation said spring-controlled mechanism, with means for holding the axis of the fly-wheel in a fixed direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and means automatically operated by the rotation of said shaft for releasing said axis, substantially as described.

7. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, a steering-engine operating said rudders, an air-flask and connections for supplying fluid-pressure to, said engine, a valve for controlling said fluid-pressure, a fly-wheel v mounted in gimbal-rings for controlling said valve, and means for spinning up said flywheel, comprising a pinion on the fiy-wheel axis, a shaft with screw-threads thereon, a

spur-gear splined on said shaft and engaging said pinion, a nut held on said shaft and engaging said screw-threads and automatically moving said spur-gear longitudinally out of engagement with said 'inion as said shaft revolves, spring-control ed mechanism for rotating said shaft, a lever connected to said nut for holding the axis of the fly-Wheel in a fixed direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and automatically moved by the rotation of said shaft thus releasing said axis When the Wheel is spun up, substantially as described.

8. In an automobile torpedo provided with steering-rudders, the combination with a steering-engine operating said rudders, of an air-flask and connections for supplying fluid-pressure to said engine, a valve for controlling said fluid-pressure, a fiy-wheel mounted in gimbal-rings for controlling said valve, and means for spinning up said Wheel comprising a pinion on the axis of said fly-wheel, a shaft with screw-threads thereon, a fly-wheel splined on said shaft and engaging said pinion, a'nut held'on said shaft and engaging the screw-threads and automatic ally moving said spur-gear longitudinally out of engagement with said pinion as said shaft revolves, spring-controlled mechanism for rotating said shaft, with means automatically operated by the launching of the torpedo for setting in operation said spring-controlled mechanism, and means automatically operated by the rotation of said shaft for releasing said' axis, a lever connected to said nut for holding the axis'of the fly-wheel in a fixed direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and automatically moved by the rotathe combination with of.

tion of said shaft thus. releasing said axis when the wheel is spun up, substantially as described.

9-. In an automobile torpedo, the com bina I tion with an air-flask containing air or other a gas under pressure, of a steering-engine comprising two cylinders connectedto said airfiask, a valve mounted between said cylin ders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust from the other cylinder, a gyroscope valve ina substantially steady position irrespective of the lateral swervings of the torpedo, pistons in said cylinders provided with piston-rods, steering-rudders pivoted to the 'torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston-rods with said rudders for turnfor holding said i ing said rudders .b means of said steering engine, substantia ly as described.

10. In an automobile torpedo, the combination with an air-flask containing air or other gas under pressure, of a steering-engine comprising two cylinders connected to said air-flask, a valve mounted between said cylinders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust fromthe other cylinder, a gyroscope for holding said valve in a substantially steady position irrespective of the lateral swervings of the tor edo, means for holding said gyroscope wit its axis in a constant direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and means for automatically spinning up said gyroscope and for releasing its axis, allowing it free motion when the torpedo is launched, pistons in said cylinders provided with piston-rods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston-rods with said rudders for turning said rudders by means of said steering-engine, substantially as described. 11. In an automobile torpedo, the combination with an air-flask containing air or other gas under pressure, of a steering-engine comprising two cylinders connected to said air-flask, a valve mounted between said cylinders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust from the other cylinder, a fly-wheel journaled in gimbals having its axis horizontal and its outer gimbal-ring secured to said valve at one of its ivots, means for normally holding the axis .0 said flywheel in a fixed direction relative to the axis of the torpedo and for releasing same when desired, and means for automatically spinning up the fly-wheel when the torpedo is launched, pistons in said cylinders provided with piston-rods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston-rods with said rudders for turning said rudders by means of said steering-engine, substantially as described. I

12. In an automobile torpedo, the combie nation with an air-flask containing air or other gas under ressure, and a rotary engine driven thereby or propelling the torpedo, of a steerin engine comprising two cylinders connecte to said air-flask, a valve mounted between said cylinders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to per mit exhaust from the other cylinder, a gyrosco e for holding said valve in a substantialIy steady position irrespective of the lateral swervings of the torpedo, pistons in said cylinders provided with r piston-rods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston-rods with said rudders for turning said rudders by means of said steering-engine, substantially as described.

13. In an automobile torpedo, the combi nation with an air-flask containing air or other gas under ressure, and a rotary engine driven thereby or propelling the torpedo, of a steering-engine com rising two cylinders connected to said airask, a valve mounted between said cylinders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust from the other cylinder, a gyrosco e for holding said valve in a substantial y steady position irrespective of the lateral swervings of the torpedo, means for holding said gyroscope with its axis in a constant direction relative to the axis of the torpedo, and means for automatically spinning up said gyroscope and for releasing its axis, allowing it free motion when the torpedo is launched, pistons in said cylinders provided. with piston-rods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston-rods with said rudders for turning said rudders by means of said steering-engine, substantially as described.

14. In an automobile torpedo, the combination with an air-flask containing air or other gas under ressure, and a rotary engine driven thereby or propelling the torpedo, of

' connecte a steerin -engine comprising two cylinders to said air-flask, a valve mounted between said cylinders and adapted to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust from the other cylinder, a flywheel journaled in gimbals having its axis horizontal and its outer gimbal-ring secured to said valve at one of its ivots, means for normally holding the axis 0 said fly-Wheel in 'a fixed direction relative 'to the axis of the tor edo and for releasing same when desired, and means for automatically spinning up the fiy-wheel when the torpedo is launched, pistons in said cylinders provided with pistonrods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo, and a series of levers connecting said piston rods with said rudders for turning said rudders by means of said steering-engine, substantially as described.

15. In an automobile torpedo, the combi nation with an air flask containing air or gas under pressure, of a steering-engine comprising a casing containing two cylinders, each cylinder open at one end and also connected to said air-flask by passages in said casing, a valve mounted in said casing between said cylinders and adapted ,to supply fluid-pressure to one cylinder and to permit exhaust from the other cylinder, a gyroscope for holding said valve in a substantially steady position irrespective of the lateral swerv ings, pistons in said cylinders provided with pistonrods, steering-rudders pivoted to the torpedo,

and a series of levers connecting said pistonrods with said rudders for turning said ruddersby means of said steering-engine, sub-' stantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' THOMAS HENRY WHELESS Witnesses:

Mrs. H. BLAOKWOOD, M. M. O'CONNOR. 

